Khunaji and his companions get influence from Fakhr al-Din Razi and classified quantified propositions into two kinds: factual and external.Abhari added the third kind which was named mental. Ṭusi and his companions refuted Khunaji’s viewpoint. Analysis and explanation of the historical development of classification of predicative proposition into factual, external and mental is the problem of this research. In the shade of analysis and historical explanation of this classification would be clear that this problem has two classifications under one name: bipartite and TRIADIC. The present article is an attempt to study the contribution of two-fold logicians of the 7th century to the development of logic.

This paper analyzes a controllable discrete-time machine repair problem with L operating machines and two technicians. The number of working servers can be adjusted depending on the number of failed machines in the system one at a time at machine's failure or at service completion epochs. Analytical closed-form solutions of the stationary probabilities of the number of failed machines in the system are obtained. We develop the total expected cost function per machine per unit time and obtain the optimal operating policy and the optimal service rate at minimum cost using quadratic t search method and simulated annealing method. Various performance measures along with numerical results to illustrate the influence of various parameters on the buffer behavior are also presented.

This study, aiming to conduct a semiotic analysis of silence in contemporary Iranian women’s fashion design, seeks to examine silence at the level of visual signs through Peirce’s TRIADIC framework of icon, index, and symbol. The theoretical section of the research, drawing on case-based approaches (such as those of Shirin Gild, Araz Fazaili, and Mehrnoush Shah Hosseini) and philosophical perspectives (including the views of Wittgenstein, Derrida, and Barthes), conceptualizes silence and subsequently redefines it within the Peircean semiotic system. The research method is qualitative, employing a visual semiotic analysis approach. The study sample comprises a collection of conceptual and contemporary clothing designs by Iranian designers from the 2010s, which are evaluated in terms of form, color, texture, and spatial structure. Data were collected and interpreted through a combination of visual observation, comparative analysis, and decoding of visual constructs. In the applied analysis section, the works of three prominent contemporary Iranian designers—Shirin Gild, Araz Fazaili, and Mehrnoush Shah Hosseini—were examined semiotically. The findings indicate that these designers, through the use of simple forms, neutral colors, and the elimination of superfluous ornamentation, employ the visual language of silence as a cultural, aesthetic, and even political strategy. In Shirin Gild’s works, minimalism—drawing inspiration from traditional Iranian attire and removing seductive signs—transforms into a language of silence, dignity, and critical engagement. Fazaili’s designs, by reinterpreting rural elements and removing visual extravagance, present silence as cultural resistance and a reflection of feminine identity. Likewise, Mehrnoush Shah Hosseini’s works, by integrating the language of traditional architecture with fashion design, recreate silence not only through elimination but also through geometry, material, and space. This analysis provides a more nuanced understanding of the role of clothing in representing Iranian women’s identity, the social meaning-making systems, and the relationship between design, the body, and culture.

In this study, with employing a combination of Index DECOMPOSITION Analysis and Production-Theoretical DECOMPOSITION Analysis approach, based on multiplicative approach analysis and period-wise and chain-link analysis, we evaluate the influential factors on energy intensity in the period 2006-2012. In this regards, we calculate the indexes of structural effect, activity effect, intensity effect, technological changes, changes in technical performance, and the substitution rate of the labor force and capital with energy for the Iranian economic sectors included industry, transportation, and agriculture. Furthermore, we consider these indices for consumption of the different type of energy like crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas, and electricity. The results of this study show that energy intensity in all three economic sectors increased during the period. Based on economic sector's data, substitution of the labor force with energy is the most important determinant of total change in energy intensity. However, if in addition to economic sector's data, we use energy consumption data, production effect is the most important factor. The substitution of the labor force with energy is the most important factor affecting the sectoral energy intensity. Changes in technical efficiency during this period show that total energy consumption decreased and has the lowest share in total consumption growth and energy intensity. Also, the results show that comparing based on chain-link analysis has more realistic and reliable results for policymakers.

This study aims to investigate the effect of business strategy orientation,information technology and marketing strategy on company performance with the mediating role of triple strategic alignment in manufacturing companies in Khuzestan province. The statistical population of the present study is all senior managers, middle managers and operational managers of production units in Khuzestan province with 1100 company, which according to Morgan table of the estimated sample size, 278 managers were evaluated and examined. Data collection tools include the standard questionnaire of Alsaremi et al. (2019) with 34 questions, which are validated for analysis based on formal validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient (above 70%). Data analysis was performed using SPSS20 and LIZREL software. The findings of this study indicate the confirmation of research hypotheses through the model of structural equations and path analysis, which finally proves the appropriate fit of the conceptual model. The results showe that the triple strategic alignment offers a valid alternative approach to the strategic alignment. Companies that pursue a particular business strategy to achieve superior performance must implement the right combination of information technology and marketing strategies. These companies need to emphasize significant changes in the business environment and develop appropriate information technology to meet business needs, emphasizing support for business strategy